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The ''West Shore'' was a literary magazine published in Portland, Oregon from 1875 to 1891. It was founded by Leopold Samuel to promote a positive image of the Pacific Northwest and to encourage economic growth in the region. The magazine was known for publishing excellent articles by well-known authors and for its many high-quality illustrations. As a result, ''West Shore'' became one of the most successful publications in the Pacific Northwest. Its finely executed illustrations showed the scenery, architecture, and commerce of Oregon, Washington, California, Idaho, Montana, British Columbia, and Alaska. Today, ''West Shore'' illustrations provide a detailed record of the Pacific Northwest as it existed in the second half of the nineteenth century. == History == ''West Shore'' was founded by Leopold Samuel, a German immigrant who settled in Portland in 1871. Shortly after arriving in Portland, Samuel published an Oregon travel guide. Samuel then compiled and published an illustrated directory for the city of Portland. The directory was modestly successful. After publishing three annual editions of the directory, Samuel decided to begin publishing a monthly literary magazine, ''West Shore''. The first edition of the magazine was published in August 1875.〔Cleaver, J. D., "L. Samuel and the West Shore: Images of a Changing Pacific Northwest," ''Oregon Historical Quarterly'', Oregon Historical Society, Portland, Oregon, pp. 167-224.〕〔Jette, Melinda, ("Brick Making, Near Portland, Oregon" ), ''The Oregon History Project'', Oregon Historical Society, 2003.〕〔Tucker, Kathy, ("News Editorial, A Prosperous Future" ), ''The Oregon History Project'', Oregon Historical Society, 2002.〕 In the first issue of ''West Shore'', Samuel announced his goal was to create the best literary journal in the Pacific Northwest by securing contributions from the brightest intellects and writers in the region. Samuel followed through on his promise by publishing poetry by Joaquin Miller, essays by historian Frances Fuller Victor, scientific studies by paleontologist Thomas Condon, and history articles by pioneer Lindsay Applegate and former Governor of Oregon Joseph Lane. George H. Himes, secretary of the ''Oregon Pioneer Association'', was a regular contributor to ''West Shore''.〔〔 Himes was later a founding member of the Oregon Historical Society and served as the society’s curator for twenty-five years.〔Wexler, Geoffrey, ("George Himes (1844-1940)" ), ''Oregon Encyclopedia'', Portland State University, Portland, Oregon, 30 October 2010.〕 The magazine’s original format was an eight-page newspaper layout with four columns of text per page. Its illustrations were stock wood cuts purchased from eastern printing companies or from engravers in San Francisco. Nevertheless, the magazine was very successful. In less than two years, ''West Shore'' was being sold in thirty-two states, Canada, England, and Scotland. By 1878, the magazine’s circulation was 8,160, the largest of any publication in the Pacific Northwest.〔Cleaver, J. D., "L. Samuel and the West Shore: Images of a Changing Pacific Northwest," ''Oregon Historical Quarterly'', Oregon Historical Society, Portland, Oregon, p. 173.〕〔("The Daily Bee" ), ''Access Genealogy.com'', Columbus, Georgia, 28 October 2010.〕 In September 1878, the magazine was increased from eight to thirty-two pages and high quality lithographic illustrations were introduced. Over the next few years, stock illustrations were phased out and replaced with original illustrations produced by the ''West Shore'' staff artists. In 1883, Samuel hired a full-time editor, Henry L. Wells. As editor, Wells increased the magazine’s news and information content, focusing on feature story about the Pacific Northwest rather than literary articles. In January 1884, the magazine was increased to forty-eight pages per issue. Three years later, the format was enlarged to match Harper's Magazine and the magazine was expanded to seventy-two pages. In 1888, ''West Shore'' changed to a quarto format. In September 1889, Samuel decide to begin publishing ''West Shore'' as a weekly magazine.〔〔 ''West Shore'' reached its peak circulation of about 15,000 in 1890. In August of that year, Samuel enlarged the size of the pages. That turned out to be the magazine’s last format change. In September, the ''West Shore Publishing Company'' was reorganized. Samuel remained president and general manager, but was forced to report to a board of directors made up of Portland area businessmen. Following the reorganization, plans for expanding the publication were announced along with new advertising contests and upcoming special editions. However, the magazine’s advertising revenue was insufficient to cover the cost of the high quality illustrations and expensive paper that readers had come to expect from ''West Shore''. As a result, Samuel resigned in February 1891. The new general manager, J. M. Lawrence, announced additional changes, but without Samuel’s vision and drive the public quickly lost interest in the magazine. ''West Shore'' closed its doors on 2 May 1891.〔Cleaver, J. D., "L. Samuel and the West Shore: Images of a Changing Pacific Northwest," ''Oregon Historical Quarterly'', Oregon Historical Society, Portland, Oregon, p. 216.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「West Shore (magazine)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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